Enter values for W and L for a microstrip line to determine its Zo and Electrical Length. Such a microstrip is constructed with two traces referenced to the same reference plane with a dielectric material between them. The. 1 GHz to 10. The microstrip patch antenna calculator determines the length (L) and width (W) of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna for a given resonant frequency or vice versa. 4. The microstrip calculator determines the width and length of a microstrip line for a given characteristic impedance (Zo) and electrical length or vice versa. P B = Power output of Port 3. ” Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications. I. Inputs Dielectric Height Operation Frequency Outputs Width (mm). 6. The basic model of a microstrip transmission line is shown in Fig. mline = design (microstripLine,1. Using the tool Microstrip Patch Antenna Calculator on emtalk. i hope you understand. They hadlarge in intensity and extravagant because of the province. 14 with microstrip feeding, is one of the most widely used planar antennas. Most recent answer. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) are required. 711. The standard rectangular microstrip patch antenna has a narrow impedance bandwidth typically less than 5%. Units do not matter; use same units for (w) and (h), waveport size will be in the same units as (w) and (h). λ 20 - wavelength for 20 ohm microstrip line (wavelength in wide patch seems to be similar to wide low-impedance microstrip line) Then use L for both patch width and patch height. The antenna consists of one H-slot and one inverted T-slot loaded over. The microstrip calculator determines the width and length of a microstrip line for a given characteristic impedance (Zo) and electrical length or vice versa. Backwards crosstalk creates a pulse width. Figure 1. 45 * λ 20, 0. Each Port is matched to the characteristic impedance Z 0 of the single, isolated microstrip transmission line. This is an approximation, it doesn't include G12, or the correction to G1 to account for the patch width. Additional benefits of patch antennas is that they are easily. The radius of the circular patch is chosen as 7. The microstrip patch antenna calculator determines the length (L) and width (W) of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna for a given resonant frequency or vice versa. emtalk, electromagnetics forum, electromagnetic tutorials, microwave engineering forum, microwave engineering tutorials, microstrip calculator Check Open neighbouring websites listMicrostrip Crosstalk Calculator Stripline Crosstalk Calculator. This design approach helps analyzer microstrip inset-fed patch antennas and helps to locate the exact inset length for 50-? input impedance. Can someone provide me with detailed manual for the same . 0x5. The antenna is inset fed by a microstrip. 8 W/Kg has been demonstrated that outperforms than the exiting imaging methods [ 10 ]. 8 GHz, which. Regards. F. Model Setup. 0 GHz; the width of the microstrip is designed for 50 Ω and the length for a 180 degree phase delay. Antenna are designed with a working frequency of 3,5 GHz for 5G and 5 GHz communication systems for. 45 GHz on a flexible substrate material. Patch antenna feedline with (left) direct feeding, (center) inset feeding, and (right) coaxial feeding. The circumference of the patch is C and the area bounded by the circumference is S. As a result, to reduce the total noise figure the first stage device should have low-noise and relatively high gain. This tool will also give you the magnitude of the coupled voltage between. 6 mm. Hruang science invites research papers for the current edition in Science, Engineering , Technology,Pharmacy, Agriculture,Mining. Be aware that there are many microstrip impedance calculators on the Internet that give sometimes widely varying results. An arbitrarily shaped microstrip patch antennaDesign a quarter-wavelength microstrip impedance transformer to match a patch antenna of 80 Ω with a 50-Ω line. Enter values for W and L for a microstrip line to determine its Zo and Electrical Length. An arbitrarily shaped microstrip patch is illustrated in Figure 5. B. This work describes an array of a 2×1 microstrip patch antenna with 3. The shape of the patch was deemed as the main parameter studied in this research and it had naturally affected most of the antenna characteristics. Patch antennas usually have narrow bandwidths and the 5-GHz WLAN band extends from 5. 05/25/2007: Printed Dipole Antenna using Ansoft Designer added in the TutorialsTools section. In the case of the substrate, its dimensions are 5. 0. That is, Kirchhoff’s laws are still valid in. Following equations or formula are used for this microstrip patch antenna calculator. spar = sparameters (mline,1. design a ‘Hexagonal Microstrip Patch Antenna’ for wireless communication. 0 GHz; the width of the microstrip is designed for 50 Ω and the length for a 180 degree phase delay. 5 Microstrip Line. This work suggests a new form of dual-band patch antenna for radio frequency identification applications (RFID) in the UHF band and the microwave band. 65 GHz to 6. Patch antenna design for 5G applications as a phased array. November 6, 2020 By Bill Schweber. The microstrip patch were evaluated and designed using approximate equations in Balanis [5] to get the dimension of the ground plane. Enter characteristic impedance, the power split ratio, and divider type. I was using the following calculator to try and calculate what the thickness needs to be and got a result of approx 3mm, this seems very large! I used the following parameters: Dielectric Constant (εr): 4. 28, tangent loss of 0. This paper describes about the design of microstrip patch antenna over the frequency range of 3. em: talk - Electromagnetics and Microwave Engineering. The microstrip impedance represents the characteristic impedance of the microstrip line, which is the uniform impedance provided by the uniform cross-sectional dimensions along the microstrip (flat copper conductor) length; to prevent signal reflection. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. The microstrip calculator determines the width and length of a microstrip line for a given characteristic impedance (Zo). Press Synthesize to see the results. A. So. 2 Length of the patch, in µm. 0x5. Theory of coupled line couplers For two transmission lines coupled together to form a four-port network, there are two things that have to occur with coupled lines to become a usable coupler with directivity and. High Integrate Broad-Band Microstrip Antenna Array Using Multilayer Printed Circuit Board (MPCB) Technology. Model Setup. Pennsylvania State University. This antenna does not take any much extra size and can be etched on the same mobile PCB itself. This can be achieved by regulating the inner and outer diameter of the coaxial cable, along with the. hfss ports only solution halo i am new to hfss and actualy am confused about how to size the wave port now what i do is once i have calculated the microstrip line width i use the wave port claculator at emtalk to find the wave prt dimension than i use sole port only to find Z0 appearing at the port . 8e9,Z0=75); figure; show (mline); Plot the S-parameters of this line. 11ad wimax Zigbee z-wave GSM LTE UMTS Bluetooth UWB IoT satellite Antenna RADAR ARTICLES. Microstrip Patch Antenna Calculator This tool calculates the dimensions of the microstrip patch antenna given the desired operating frequency. The microstrip calculator determines the width and length of a microstrip line for a given characteristic impedance (Zo) and electrical length or vice versa. A Microstrip Patch Antenna Calculator The calculator tool shown below will provide input impedance and the dimensions of a microstrip patch antenna given a desired operating frequency,. This calculator helps you calculate the characteristic impedance of a coaxial cable given its dimensions. Synthesize Enter values for Zo and Electrical Length to determine the physical width and length of the microstrip line. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) and the frequency of interest are required. Using the microstrip line calculator, a width of 1. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) and the frequency of interest are required. 3 shall be used. This tool calculates backward crosstalk which is usually the dominant crosstalk component. INPUT DATA. The entire microwave theory is based on Maxwell’s equations, whereas the entire electronic circuit theory is based on Kirchhoff’s electrical current and voltage laws. Recently, with the development of the multilayer printed circuit board (MPCB) technology, the microstrip antennas can be designed and fabricated from one-dimensional (1D) to 2D and even 3D structures. Well i can send u a start up rect patch a varied version of emtalk. Description. Before you get started with the "Microstrip Patch Antenna Array" course, watch the recorded video of a live webinar showing from antenna element design to an antenna array design to platform analysis from element to space - all in one workflow. pAI = design (patchMicrostripInsetfed,4. Other parameters for circular patch Design Other parameters for designing the hexagonal shape are reactance of circular patch and resonance frequency. com - Anthony. Analyze. Press Analyze to see the results. 1. Hi, i'm designing some microstrip antennas and i have some questions. I would expect the physical aperture to be the area taken up by the antenna - so it includes not only the patch, but any strips of bare substrate and ground around the edge. Abdaljabar et al. 1 Ohm (by calculator on EMtalk and not very correct patch autognd port in sonnet lite). On the other hand, the type of conductive material used, and. com for designing a microstrip patch, which shows how to de-emdded a port, using same technique if you de-embed a port upto. To use this tool, enter the values for. Crosstalk is unwanted coupled energy between traces. When in doubt, use 1 for copper, . 78 GHz, 2. Microstrip impedance calculator. The microstrip patch antennas as radiating device have advantages like, low profile, conformal and low-cost. Access technical papers, white papers, calculators, tools and more for circuit laminates, prepreg and bonding materials. 1: Geometry of inset-fed microstrip patch antenna Table 1: Physical dimensions of inset-fed microstrip patch antenna Operating frequency, in GHz 10 Dielectric constant, ε 2. These three methods are outlined in the image below. 45 GHz Microstrip Patch Antenna Using CSTThe patch antenna calculator linkMicrostrip line calculator li. Three-element vector of Cartesian coordinates in meters. AddMSLPort (1, patch, start, stop, "x", "y", priority=5, edges2grid='xy') throwing an. 45 for gold. Enter values for W and L for a microstrip line to determine its Zo and Electrical Length. Description. Regards. em: talk - Company Info. Always perform a Solve Ports Only solution to ensure the waveport is correct. The analysis is carried out for 1. The coaxial cable, along with the balanced two-wire, is the most common type of transmission line used in RF communications. This article presents the application of photonic crystal (PCs) structures to design a microstrip patch antenna at terahertz (THz) frequency. Be sure of which one you finally decide to use. Light weight. 002 and height of 1. February 28, 2022 · Infinus. Introduction In recent years, the microstrip patch antenna has widely been used for various specific applications in satellite communications, aerospace, radars, biomedical applications, mobile communication for GSM, and remote sensing applications [1] because of its special features like ease of analysis and fabrication, low cost, light. The edge couple differential microstrip transmission line is a common technique for routing differential traces. 27 mm 3 and the substrate material is Rogers RT/duroid 6010/6010LM. 05/25/2007: Printed Dipole Antenna using Ansoft Designer added in the Tutorials\Tools section. These radio frequency calculators help with unit conversion, attenuator design, antenna design, radars, and various other basic calculators. 1. files/HFSS/MPA. Enter values for W and L for a microstrip line to determine its Zo and Electrical Length. A low profile, unidirectional, dual layer, and narrow bandwidth microstrip patch antenna is designed to resonate at 2. Schematic representation of a PCB patch antenna: The calculator is based on simplified formulas for calculating microstrip transmission lines and is intended for preliminary calculation only. The substrate has a dielectric constant εr. When a Teflon dielectric substrate is used, the resonant frequency is 12. Microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) are rapidly gaining more attention due to the proliferation of communication devices and systems with frequencies becoming more suitable for the size and performance of this type of. The paper describes Microstrip patch antenna that consists of a half circular patch which is extended to an extra length and is fabricated on FR-4 material that uses Microstrip feeding line method for feeding. With hundreds of coaxial RF cables in-stock and ready to ship worldwide immediately, our coax capacitance calculator lets you calculate the impedance of a coax by allowing you to enter the outer diameter dielectric width and inner conductor diameter. Microstrip Calculator With thanks to David Campbell for the use of this calculator Substrate Parameters εr: Relative permittivity of the substrate. This calculator will help you calculate the guided wavelength, provided the dimensions of the microstrip are given as well as the velocity of propagation, the microstrip material's dielectric constant, and the input frequency. Used for various applications, "patch" is a planar rectangular, circular, triangular, or any other geometrical shape metal sheet mounted. Press Synthesize to see the results. 4 GHz Input impedance: 146. There is a big disadvantage of microstrip antenna. The microstrip calculator determines the width and length of a microstrip line for a given characteristic impedance (Zo) and electrical length or vice versa. (2019), the author designed and 3. This tool will also give you the magnitude of the coupled voltage between. A microwave brain imaging system model is envisaged to detect and visualize tumor inside the human brain. The developed process started from designing the single element up to 1 × 8 arrays elements. em: talk - Legal Statement; em: talk - Tutorials. 3) that operates at 2 GHz (see Figure 3. 2 thickness = 0. Millimeter wave (mmWave) wireless technology has become a part of human life for high-speed and secure data transmission. 254) mm is. a a = Physical Radius of Patch. The relation between the R, Zo, and amount of power division is given by the following formula. The voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) calculator determines reflection coefficient (GAMMA), VSWR, and return loss (dB) for a mismatched line. to NF. I have designed a antenna at 2. dBm to Watt converter Stripline Impedance calculator Microstrip line impedance Antenna G/T Noise temp. 946 for silver, or 1. The proposed 1 × 8 arrays. Enter values for W and L for a microstrip line to determine its Zo and Electrical Length. The proposed antenna has two cuts at two of its edges in order to achieve a wide. 04/03/2007: Microstrip Patch Antenna: From Simulation to Realization added in the Tutorials\Tools section. The microstrip calculator determines the width and length of a microstrip line for a given characteristic impedance (Zo) and electrical length or vice versa. 4mm thick FR-4 (lossy)substrate with relative permittivity 4. For example, if you wish to input "25000000", just type "25M" instead. 29 db, return loss at 13. 5 mm thick substrate with εr = 4. The microstrip calculator determines the width and length of a microstrip line for a given characteristic impedance (Zo) and electrical length or vice versa. 45 * λ 20, 0. Intrinsic techniques, proximity coupled and aperture-coupled patches, applying horizontally coupled patches to driven patch on a single layer and stacked patches are discussed. FW Feed width 1mm. Most claim to use some or all of these formulas these formulas, but I have discovered ones, for instance, that appear to mistakenly substitute 0. . A cross-section of a microstrip transmission line is shown below. Figure 1. 27 mm at 5. This calculator is designed to calculate the inductance of a microstrip given its dimensions (width, length and the distance of. 60x1. I dunno how to start and from where to start. there is a small gap on both side of the microstrip with patch. 3 dB in. 1 of the Microstrip Calculator using H2 in place of h, εr,eff can be computed as specified in Eq. 0 GHz; the width of the microstrip is designed for 50 Ω and the length for a 180 degree phase delay. Matin, A. em: talk - Electromagnetics and Microwave Engineering. This calculator is designed to calculate the characteristic impedance of a microstrip - a flat conductor suspended over a ground plane with a dielectric between them (see diagram below). 508 mm How to Design 2. 3. Press Analyze to see the results. An X-band, 12-element array of rectangular microstrip patches was demonstrated for the first time to reflect the main beam 20 degrees off broadside. 2 Microstrip patch antenna designed using IE3D The results tabulated below are obtained after varying the feed location along the length of the patch from the origin (center of patch) to its right most edge. Enter values for W and L for a microstrip line to determine its Zo and Electrical Length. First use a online patch antenna calculator, for which there are several, utilizing dielectric constant, dielectric height and center frequency. Description. Legal. 2 and a height of 1. Microstrip Impedance Calculator Enter the Height, Width and Permittivity to get the Impedance of the Microstrip Note : The unit of the height and width entered must be the same. 15 to 5. But I get stuck at port = FDTD. The calculator is set up to handle an asymmetric arrangement, where traces are not centrally located in the PCB layer stack. This calculator provides accurate microstrip transmission line analysis and synthesis. The unit vector, n, is normal to the patch edge. 1. The calculation of the length of the first dipole was carried out based on the lower operating frequency than 1. 25 GHz dielectic const = 2. The voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) calculator determines reflection coefficient (GAMMA), VSWR, and return loss (dB) for a mismatched line. If you have questions, comments, and/or suggestions please contact me by email: support "at" emtalk. Patch antenna with a quarter-wavelength matching section. An imaging system based on THz spectrum incorporating nanomaterial-based microstrip antenna provides better resolution at lower cost. Using the tool Microstrip Patch Antenna Calculator on emtalk. 76SR composite as a substrate. Model a microstrip patch antenna using two feed methods (pin feed, microstrip edge feed). A simple tool to calculate parameters for an edge fed/inset fed/probe fed patch antenna or microstrip antenna. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) and the frequency of interest are required. The stacked patch configuration is one of the ways of increasing the impedance bandwidth of these antennas to be greater than 25% [1]. 2 of the Microstrip Calculator, h=H1 and b=H2-H1. microstrip antenna patch calc go through the IEEE paper "the design of microstrip antenna using circuit theory and also go through the book balanie by antenna theory which explain the very well step and also for calculating the Rin for the microstip in google search write the "microstrip fed patch antenna" and you find the site name. For an embedded (internal) microstrip, the formulas provided in paragraph 4. Recently, with the development of the multilayer printed circuit board (MPCB) technology, the microstrip antennas can be designed and fabricated from one-dimensional (1D) to 2D and even 3D structures. Calculators. It could also be used to control multiple patch arrays. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) and the frequency of interest are required. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) and the frequency of interest are required. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) are required. Jul 14, 2016 - This Pin was discovered by Xander Snyder. Enter values for W and L for a microstrip line to determine its Zo and Electrical Length. Microstrip patch antennas is one of the most used antennas for wireless communication. Be aware that there are many microstrip impedance calculators on the Internet that give sometimes widely varying results. This link is listed in our web site directory since Saturday Jul 11 2015, and till today "Patch Antenna Calculator" has been followed for a total of 1156 times. A compact and reduced VHF micro-strip patch antenna with dimensions 17 × 10 cm printed on an FR-4 substrate with relative permittivity ϵ r = 4. The patch is of length L, width W, and sitting on top of a substrate (some dielectric circuit board). Figure 4. The input impedance at the radiation edge is also computed. The results should only be used as an estimate for the waveport size. 0 of permitivity) at. The far field results are compared for the following configurations: Pin-fed, finite ground and solved using MoM (SEP). A miniaturized antenna with low power levels of 3. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) and the frequency of interest are required. Recent advancements in communication systems require a high possible data rate and high gain to overcome the path losses. In this course, we detail microstrip patch antenna array creation as a method of design. py. u can shoot me an email :irfan70@gmail. 946 for silver, or 1. There are two types of cross talk forward and backward crosstalk. Activity points. 09/08/2007: Online VSWR calculator added. The antenna array with dimensions of (9 × 40 × 0. The characteristic impedance (Z o) of a microstrip transmission line can be calculated using the active calculator or the equations at the bottom of the page. A new technique is presented for designing microstrip patch antennas with very good input impedance matching. 8 GHz. The printed dipole antenna is often used in planar microwave radiative applications that require an omni-directional pattern. The microstrip calculator determines the width and length of a microstrip line for a given characteristic impedance (Zo) and electrical length or vice versa. This paper presents the design of a rectangular microstrip line-fed patch antenna array with a centre frequency of 3. com - Anthony. The dimensions of the patch is 4. Following is the list of useful converters and calculators. Enter the desired resonant frequency (fr)to determine the physical length (L) and width (W) of the microstrip line. HFSS is one of the better solution for Patch antenna design. These beamformer modules are available as ICs that can be used to control the beam steering angle. For precedent, planetoid transmissions require oblique polarization transmission portraits. **Note: Like our stripline impedance calculator, all of our RF calculators allow SI prefix input. Overview. R w = Terminating resistance between two. The most common version of printed antenna is microstrip antenna, which consists of a metallic patch above a ground plane. For the power and transmission line of the first dipole which in this case will be the same distance through the web we perform the calculation at 50 Ω with a frequency of 1. 5 GHz. If the ratio (L/W) is close to unity, the radiation pattern will be symmetric but may not provide a resonable input impedance. 1. Dielectric Thickness: mm. An 8-element series-fed array was designed, fabricated and measured. 78 GHz is achieved. Abstract and Figures. At low frequencies near 0 GHz, the input impedance is inductive since. The shapes of microstrip patch antenna are circular [4], rectangular [5], triangular [6] and square [7]. Feb 17, 2009. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) and the frequency of interest are required. Hi, I try to simulate a patch antenna as defined in emtalk, based on altering the example Simple_patch_antenna. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) and the frequency of interest are required. The microstrip line will be designed on a substrate with a dielectric constant of 10. Model of microstrip line showing cross-section. First the model of the microstrip patch antenna has to be drawn in HFSS. 0 GHz operation, while the feed gap (g) and the substrate height (h) will be fixed. For a more accurate analysis, use ANSYS HFSS or similar programs. These radio frequency calculators help with unit conversion, attenuator design, antenna design, radars, and various other basic calculators. I try to simulate a patch antenna as defined in emtalk, based on altering the example Simple_patch_antenna. Before you get started with the "Microstrip Patch Antenna Array" course, watch the recorded video of a live webinar showing from antenna element design to an antenna array design to platform analysis from element to space - all in one workflow. Modeling approximation can be used to understand the impedance of. 4 GHz operation on a substrate with 2. The microstrip patch antenna calculator determines the length (L) and width (W) of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna for a given resonant frequency or vice versa. Rho: Conductor resistivity relative to copper. See there are a lot many books from where you can get those formulas to calculate the length and width of the patch antenna. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) and the frequency of interest are required. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) and the frequency of interest are required. Relative Dielectric Constant ( εr ): Track Width (S): mm. The designed antenna has a resonating frequency of 2. 6 GHz for UWB applications. Microstrip-fed patches have very narrow bandwidths, almost invariably less than 5%. 6: 38–41. This parameter is used for the loss calculations. The antenna consists of one H-slot and one inverted T-slot loaded over. Dielectric Thickness: mm. 8e9); rfplot (spar)Coax connector placement location for patch antenna connection. the calculator for microstrip line in emtalk asks for "elctrical length in degrees" and i am not able to calculate. That means on ten mil (254 micron) alumina, the width for fifty ohm microstrip will be about 9. A microstrip patch antenna is one of the most popular microwave antennas. 3), 0. This document covers the theory, design steps, simulation and verification of various types of power dividers, such as Wilkinson, T-junction, and branch-line. 04 in the ε eff. Any book for microstrip antennas should have the formulas you need to find the location of the feed point, to obtain precisely 50Ohm input impedance. The bandwidth is limited by the patches themselves, which. The ANSI-based circular microstrip patch antenna is designed to work at 7. Description. Yes, the inset is discussed in Balanis. This link is listed in our web site directory since Saturday Jul 11 2015, and till today "Patch Antenna Calculator" has been followed for a total of 1156 times. The input impedance at the radiation edge is also computed. See full list on emtalk. 1. 58 mV and specific absorption rate (SAR) value of 3. In this paper, a high gain novel microstrip patch antenna array design is proposed based on the photonic crystal in terahertz (THz), which can be employed for the next generation wireless communication technology and other interesting applications. Design Microstrip Transmission Line Around 1. The patch without the feeding network was simulated in Ansoft HFSS to adjust W for resonance at 2. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) and the frequency of interest are required. The model of the printed dipole is shown in Fig. Press Analyze to see the results. f r f r = Frequency. This tool calculates backward crosstalk which is usually the dominant crosstalk component. A microstrip transmit patch antenna with harmonics suppression property has been designed for the 2. The amplitude of this crosstalk is what this tool calculates. A multiband rectangular microstrip patch antenna integrated with angled split- ring artificial magnetic conducting (AMC) structure is proposed. The radiating patch conductor is generally. Two antenna miniaturization techniques, based on the use of a Koch fractal contour and a shorting post (connecting the patch to the ground plane), are combined to enable a major size reduction. This can be set to zero, but the calculated loss will not include conductor losses. Use this tool to determine the the length (L) and width (W) of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna for a given resonant frequency or vice versa. Microstrip patch antenna is used in mobile handset due to simple look, lower cost, small size and light in weight. This document covers the theory, design steps, simulation and verification of various types of power dividers, such as Wilkinson, T-junction, and branch-line. They are suitable for vehicle based satellite link antennas, global positioning systems, radar for missiles and mobile handheld radios. This parameter is used for the loss calculations. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) and the frequency of interest are required. Second possibility: Search „microstrip patch antenna calculator“ with Google and you get this link to an online calculator, which isMicrostrip Impedance Calculator. em: talk - HFSS Tutorial 1: Microstrip Patch Antenna A patch antenna is a miniature, surface-mountable antenna. This calculator finds both odd and even transmission line impedance. 137 µm After determining the dimensions of the microstrip antenna. An arbitrarily shaped microstrip patch is illustrated in Figure 5. Efficient. Height: Height of the substrate. The microstrip patch antenna calculator determines the length (L) and width (W) of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna for a given resonant frequency or vice versa. Synthesize Enter values for Zo and Electrical Length to determine the physical width and length of the microstrip line. 45 - empirical coefficient mainly for open end effect. 27 mm at 5. Sayeed Fig. Popular answers (1) Dear Medkour, The minimum size of the PCB is calculated with the following rule of thumb. when i insert the microstrip in patch. In this case, each coordinate in the vector starts at the origin and lies along the specified points on the x-, y-, and z-axes.